Al-Uqud al-DurriyyaIbn Abd al-Hadi

—so much so that most people came to resent it, while we would tell them, “Do not dislike it, for Allah has placed in it both wisdom and mercy.”

This was among the greatest causes by which Allah drove the enemy away (1): the snow, rain, and bitter cold fell upon them in abundance, until as many of their horses perished as Allah willed, and likewise as many of their men perished as He willed. Weakness (2) and incapacity spread through them and the rest of their mounts because of the cold and hunger, to the point that they realized (3) they no longer had the strength to fight.

I even heard that one of the senior commanders in the northern lands (4) exclaimed, “May Allah not brighten our faces—our enemy is standing in snow up to his hair, yet we turn back without seizing them!” (5)

They understood that they had become easy prey for the Muslims, had the Muslims chosen to hunt them down; yet Allah’s postponement (6) of that pursuit contained tremendous wisdom.

Concerning the Confederates, Allah says: “When they came at you from above you and from below you, and when eyes grew wild and hearts leapt to the throats, and you entertained doubts about Allah—there the believers were tested and shaken with a severe shaking.” (Qur’an 33:10–11)

(1) Q reads “biha” (“in it”). (2) The base manuscript has this wording, whereas the other copies read “min al-duf” (“out of weakness”). (3) F reads “annahu” (“that”). (4) F and K read “al-Sham” (“Greater Syria”). (5) K reads “wa nahnu quʿud wa la nakhudhuhum” (“while we sit idle and do not seize them”); Q gives the same phrase but omits the conjunction wa before “la nakhudhuhum”. The text followed here adopts the Q reading, which, like F, drops that wa. (6) Variant readings: Q has “lakin li-llah fi taʾkhir …”; F, “lakin li-llah fi taʾkhir Allah”; K, “lakin fi taʾkhir Allah …”.
العادات، حتى كره أكثر الناس ذلك، وكنّا نقول لهم: لا تكرهوا ذلك، فإن لله فيه حكمةً ورحمة. وكان ذلك من أعظم الأسباب التي صرف الله به (١) العدوَّ، فإنه كَثُر عليهم الثلج والمطر والبرد، حتى هلك من خيلهم ما شاء الله، وهلك أيضًا منهم من شاء الله، وظهر فيهم وفي بقية خَيلهم الضَّعْفُ (٢) والعَجْزُ بسبب البرد والجوع = ما رأوا أنهم (٣) لا طاقة لهم معه بقتال. حتى بلغني عن بعض كبار المقدَّمين في أرض الشمال (٤) أنه قال: لا بيَّض الله وجوهنا، عدوُّنا في الثلج إلى شعره، ونحن نعودُ ولا نأخذهم! (٥). وحتى علموا أنهم كانوا صيدًا للمسلمين لو يصطادونهم، لكن كان لله في تأخير (٦) اصطيادهم حكمةٌ عظيمة. وقال الله في شأن الأحزاب: ﴿إِذْ جَاءُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ وَإِذْ زَاغَتِ الْأَبْصَارُ وَبَلَغَتِ الْقُلُوبُ الْحَنَاجِرَ وَتَظُنُّونَ بِاللَّهِ الظُّنُونَا (١٠) هُنَالِكَ ابْتُلِيَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَزُلْزِلُوا زِلْزَالًا شَدِيدًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ١٠ - ١١].
(١) (ق): «بها». (٢) كذا في الأصل، وبقية النسخ: «من الضعف». (٣) (ف): «أنه». (٤) (ف، ك): «الشام». (٥) (ك): «ونحن قعود ولا نأخذهم»، و (ق) مثلها لكن بدون الواو في «ولا نأخذهم»، (ق) كما هو مثبت، لكن شاركت (ف) في حذف الواو. (٦) (ق): «لكن لله في تأخير ... »، (ف): «لكن لله في تأخير الله»، (ك): «لكن في تأخير الله ... ».

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