does anything remain still except by His permission. Whatever He wills comes to pass, and whatever He does not will does not come to pass. All creatures are in need of Allah and powerless; they have no power to bring themselves benefit or harm, good or evil. Moreover, His subduing all things necessarily entails His life, might, and power. His subduing creation can only be complete through the perfection of His life, the strength of His might, and His power”1.