Tafsir Asma Allah al-Husna li-al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (211)

Tafsir Asma Allah al-Husna li-al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

draws near to Him by a handspan, He draws near to him by a cubit; whoever draws near to Him by a cubit, He draws near to him by an arm’s length; whoever comes to Him walking, He comes to him running; and whoever deals with Him gains a manyfold return.”1

47 - The Witness2 3:

He—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—said: “The Witness is the One who is fully aware of all things. He hears every sound, hidden or clear, and sees everything that exists, subtle or great, small or large. His knowledge encompasses everything, and He bears witness for and against His servants concerning what they have done.”4

48 - The Most Patient5:

He—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—said:

“The name ‘the Most Patient’ is derived from the Prophet’s words, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the authentic hadith: ‘No one is more patient than Allah with the offensive things He hears. They ascribe a child to Him, yet He grants them well-being and provides for them.’ 6

It is also based on what is established in another authentic hadith, in which Allah Most High said: ‘The son of Adam has denied Me, though he had no right to do so, and the son of Adam has reviled Me, though he had no right to do so. His denial of Me is his saying, “He will not bring me back as He created me the first time,” although creating him the first time is no easier for Me than bringing him back. His reviling Me is his saying that I have a child, whereas I am the One, the Only, the Unique, the Eternal Refuge, who neither begets nor is born, and to whom none is equal.’7 And Allah

(1) Al-Tafsīr, vol. 1, p. 185; vol. 5, p. 630. (2) Evidence for this name is Allah Most High’s statement: “And Allah is Witness over all things” (al-Mujādila 58:6). (3) This name was explained more fully earlier, together with Allah’s name al-Raqīb (the Watchful). (4) Al-Tafsīr, vol. 5, p. 628. See Al-Haqq al-Wādih al-Mubīn, p. 58; Tawdīh al-Kāfiya al-Shāfiya, p. 122. (5) That Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is described as patient is established, as in the hadith of Abū Mūsā, which will appear in the commentary. As for the name al-Sabūr (the Most Patient), I have not found any text establishing it as a name of Allah Most High. And Allah knows best. (6) Recorded by Muslim, vol. 4, p. 2160, Book of the Attributes of the Hypocrites, chapter “No one is more patient with offensive treatment than Allah, Mighty and Majestic,” from Abū Mūsā al-Ash‘arī, may Allah be pleased with him. (7) Recorded by al-Bukhārī, vol. 4, p. 73, Book of the Beginning of Creation, chapter on Allah Most High’s words, “He is the One who originates creation, then repeats it, and it is easier for Him,” from Abū Hurayra, with similar wording. Also recorded by al-Nasā’ī, vol. 4, p. 112, Book of Funerals, chapter “The Souls of the Believers,” from Abū Hurayra.

تقرب منه شبراً تقرب منه ذراعاً، ومن تقرب منه ذراعاً تقرب منه باعاً، ومن أتاه يمشي أتاه هرولة، ومن عامله ربح عليه أضعافاً مضاعفة "١. ٤٧ - الشهيد٢ ٣: قال رحمه الله تعالى: "الشهيد أي: المطلع على جميع الأشياء سمع جميع الأصوات خفيها، وجليها وأبصر جميع الموجودات دقيقها، وجليلها صغيرها، وكبيرها، وأحاط علمه بكل شيء الذي شهد لعباده، وعلى عباده بما عملوه"٤. ٤٨ - الصبور٥: قال رحمه الله تعالى: "الصبور مأخوذ من قوله ﷺ في الحديث الصحيح: "لا أحد أصبر على أذى سمعه من الله، يجعلون له الولد وهو يعافيهم ويرزقهم" ٦. وبما ثبت أيضاً في الصحيح قال الله تعالى: "كذبني ابن آدم ولم يكن له ذلك وشتمني ابن آدم ولم يكن له ذلك، فأما تكذيبه إياي فقوله: لن يعيدني كما بدأني، وليس أول الخلق بأهون عليَّ من إعادته، وأما شتمه أياي فقوله: إن لي ولداً وأنا الواحد الأحد الفرد الصمد الذي لم يلد، ولم يولد، ولم يكن له كفواً أحد"٧ والله

١ التفسير (١/ ١٨٥ و ٥/ ٦٣٠). ٢ ودليل هذا الاسم قال الله تعالى: ﴿وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ﴾ (المجادلة: ٦). ٣ سبق زيادة إيضاح لهذا الاسم مع اسم الله الرقيب. ٤ التفسير (٥/ ٦٢٨) انظر: الحق الواضح المبين (ص٥٨) وتوضيح الكافية الشافية (ص١٢٢). ٥ وصف الله ﷿ بالصبر ثابت كما في حديث أبي موسى وسيأتي في الشرح. أما اسم الصبور، فلم أقف على نص يدل على ثبوت هذا الاسم لله تعالى، والله أعلم. ٦ أخرجه مسلم (٤/ ٢١٦٠) كتاب صفات المنافقين باب لأحد أصبر على أذى من الله ﷿ من حديث أبي موسى الأشعري ﵁. ٧ أخرجه البخاري (٤/ ٧٣) كتاب بدء الخلق باب ماجاء في قوله تعالى ﴿وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَبْدأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ وَهُوَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْه﴾ من حديث أبي هريرة بنحوه. وأخرجه النسائي (٤/ ١١٢) كتاب الجنائز باب أرواح المؤمنين من حديث أبي هريرة.