Tafsir Asma Allah al-Husna li-al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (189)

Tafsir Asma Allah al-Husna li-al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

The Forbearing, the Praiseworthy, the Ever-Living, the Modest

24 - The Forbearing2:

He—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—said: “The Forbearing is He whose forbearance is perfect. His forbearance encompasses those who disbelieve, transgress, and disobey, preventing His punishment from immediately overtaking the wrongdoers. He grants them respite so that they may repent, but He does not leave them unpunished if they persist, continue in their transgression, and fail to turn back to Him3.

The Forbearing continually showers His creation with blessings, both outward and inward, despite their sins and frequent lapses. In His forbearance, He refrains from requiting the disobedient for their disobedience, calls upon them to make amends so that they may repent, and grants them respite so that they may turn back to Him4.

Allah Most High is Forbearing and Pardoning. His forbearance is perfect, and His pardon is all-encompassing. These two magnificent attributes relate to the disobedience of sinners and the wrongdoing of evildoers. Sins call for their consequences in the form of various immediate punishments, whereas His forbearance entails granting sinners respite rather than hastening to punish them, so that they may repent. His pardon entails forgiving the sins they have committed, especially when they pursue the means of forgiveness: seeking forgiveness, repentance, faith, and righteous deeds. His forbearance encompasses the heavens and the earth. Were it not for His pardon, He would not leave a single living creature upon the earth. He, Most High, is Pardoning and loves to pardon His servants. He also loves for them to pursue the means by which they attain His pardon: striving to please Him and showing kindness to His creation.

Part of the perfection of His pardon is that, when those who have transgressed against themselves repent to Him, He forgives them every offence, small and great. He has also made Islam wipe away what preceded it, and repentance wipe away what preceded it.”5.

(1) Al-Haqq al-Wādih al-Mubīn, pp. 50–54. See also Tawdīh al-Kāfiya al-Shāfiya, p. 119. (2) Evidence for this name is found in Allah’s words: “Know that Allah knows what is within yourselves, so beware of Him, and know that Allah is All-Forgiving, Forbearing” (al-Baqara 2:35). (3) Al-Haqq al-Wādih al-Mubīn, pp. 55–56. (4) Al-Tafsīr, 5:630. (5) Al-Haqq al-Wādih al-Mubīn, p. 56.

الحليم، الحميد، الحي، الحيي ٢٤ - الحليم٢: قال رحمه الله تعالى: "الحليم الذي له الحلم الكامل، والذي وسع حلمه أهل الكفر، والفسوق، والعصيان، ومنع عقوبته أن تحل بأهل الظلم عاجلاً، فهو يمهلهم ليتوبوا، ولا يهملهم إذا أصروا، واستمروا في طغيانهم، ولم ينيبوا٣. والحليم الذي يدر على خلقه النعم الظاهرة، والباطنة مع معاصيهم، وكثرة زلاتهم، فيحلم عن مقابلة العاصين بعصيانهم، ويستعتبهم كي يتوبوا، ويمهلهم كي ينيبوا٤. والله تعالى حليم عفو، فله الحلم الكامل، وله العفو الشامل، ومتعلق هذين الوصفين العظيمين معصية العاصين، وظلم المجرمين، فإن الذنوب تقتضي ترتب آثارها عليها من العقوبات العاجلة المتنوعة، وحلمه تعالى يقتضي إمهال العاصين، وعدم معاجلتهم ليتوبوا، وعفوه يقتضي مغفرة ما صدر منهم من الذنوب خصوصاً إذا أتوا بأسباب المغفرة من الاستغفار، والتوبة، والإيمان، والأعمال الصالحة، وحلمه وسع السماوات، والأرض، فلولا عفوه ما ترك على ظهرها من دابة، وهو تعالى عفو يحب العفو عن عباده، ويحب منهم أن يسعوا بالأسباب التي ينالون بها عفوه من السعي في مرضاته، والإحسان إلى خلقه. ومن كمال عفوه أن المسرفين على أنفسهم إذا تابوا إليه غفر لهم كل جرم صغير، وكبير، وأنه جعل الإسلام يجب ما قبله، والتوبة تجب ما قبلها"٥.

١ الحق الواضح المبين (ص٥٠ إلى ٥٤) وانظر: توضيح الكافية الشافية (ص١١٩). ٢ ودليل هذا الاسم قال تعالى: ﴿وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ﴾ (البقرة: ٣٥). ٣ الحق الواضح المبين (ص٥٥ - ٥٦). ٤ التفسير (٥/ ٦٣٠). ٥ الحق الواضح المبين (ص٥٦).